flood DDoS attack

What is an ACK flood DDoS attack?

ACK flood DDoS attack kya hota hai?
ACK flood attack tab hota hai jab ek attacker server ko bahut saare TCP ACK packets bhejkar overload karne ki koshish karta hai. Baaki DDoS attacks ki tarah, iska goal bhi yeh hota hai ki server ko slow ya crash karke real users ke liye service unavailable kar di jaye. Har ACK packet ko server ko process karna padta hai, jo itna zyada computing power use karta hai ki server real users ko serve nahi kar pata.

Socho ek prank caller kisi ka voicemail box fake messages se bhar deta hai, taaki real messages andar na jaa sakein. Ab socho ki har fake message mein likha ho, “Hi, main bas yeh batane ke liye call kar raha hoon ki mujhe tumhara message mil gaya.” Kuch aisa hi ACK flood DDoS attack mein hota hai.

Packet kya hota hai?
Internet par bheja gaya har data chhote chhote tukdon mein divide hota hai, jinhe packets kehte hain. Jaise Twitter par koi lambi baat ya kahani kehna chahta ho, to use 280-character wale segments mein tod kar alag alag tweets mein post karna padta hai. Agar aap Twitter use nahi karte, to sochiye purane mobile phones mein lambi SMS messages chhoti chhoti parts mein divide ho jaati thi.

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) internet communication ka ek important hissa hai. TCP packets ke sath ek header hota hai jisme important info hoti hai — jaise total packets kitne hain, kis order mein aayenge, packet ka size kya hai, aur yeh kis type ka packet hai, etc.

Jaise kisi file folder ko label karke bataya jata hai ki usme kya hai. Waise hi Twitter threads mein log har tweet ke aage number likhte hain — jaise 1/5, 2/5 — taaki padhne wale ko samajh aaye kis order mein padhna hai.

ACK packet kya hota hai?
ACK ka full form hota hai “acknowledgement.” ACK packet ek aisa TCP packet hota hai jo batata hai ki usne koi message ya packet receive kar liya hai. Technical language mein, ACK packet wo hota hai jisme TCP header mein “ACK” flag set hota hai.

ACK packets kya hote hain aur yeh TCP handshake ka part kaise hote hain?
ACK packets TCP handshake ka hissa hote hain — ek 3-step process jisse internet par do devices ke beech communication start hota hai (jaise real life mein log haath milaake conversation shuru karte hain).

TCP three-way handshake ke 3 steps hote hain:

1. SYN
2. SYN-ACK
3. ACK

Jab ek device, maan lo ek user ka laptop, connection start karta hai, to wo sabse pehle SYN (synchronize) packet bhejta hai. Dusra device — maan lijiye ek online shopping website ka server — uska reply deta hai SYN-ACK packet se. Phir laptop ACK packet bhejta hai, aur handshake complete ho jata hai. Is process se dono devices confirm kar lete hain ki dono online hain aur data bhejne ke liye ready hain — jaise website load karna.

Lekin ACK packets sirf handshake mein hi nahi hote. TCP protocol ke according, har packet ka acknowledge milna zaroori hota hai. Maan lo ek user kisi webpage par jaata hai jahan ek image hai. Wo image chhote-chhote packets mein browser ko bheji jaati hai. Jab saare packets mil jaate hain, tab user ka device ek ACK packet bhejta hai server ko batane ke liye ki data poora mil gaya — ek pixel bhi missing nahi hai. Agar ACK na mile, to server fir se data bhejta hai.

ACK packet kabhi kabhi kisi aur message ka part bhi ho sakta hai. Maan lo user ek form bhar ke server ko bhejta hai, to usi data ke kisi packet mein ACK flag set karke use ACK ke roop mein bhi bhej sakta hai — alag se ACK packet bhejne ki zarurat nahi hoti.

ACK flood attack kaise kaam karta hai?
ACK flood attacks un devices ko target karte hain jo har packet ko process karte hain — jaise firewalls aur servers. Lekin load balancers, routers, aur switches in attacks ke liye generally vulnerable nahi hote.

Problem yeh hoti hai ki genuine aur fake ACK packets dikhne mein ek jaise hote hain, isliye unhe block karna mushkil hota hai bina kisi smart filtering ke. ACK DDoS packets mein actual data (payload) nahi hota — sirf TCP header mein ACK flag hota hai, jisse wo valid dikhte hain.

ACK floods Layer 4 (Transport Layer) ke DDoS attacks hote hain.

SYN ACK flood attack kya hota hai?
SYN ACK flood ACK flood jaisa hi hota hai, bas yeh TCP handshake ke 2nd step pe focus karta hai — SYN ACK packet.

Normal situation mein, jab client SYN bhejta hai, to server SYN ACK bhejta hai. Lekin SYN ACK flood mein attacker directly bahut saare SYN ACK packets bhejta hai bina kisi SYN ke — sirf target ko disrupt karne ke liye.

Aise hi ek aur attack hota hai SYN flood, jisme attacker sirf SYN packets bhejta hai.

Cloudflare ACK flood attacks ko kaise rokta hai?
Cloudflare CDN sabhi traffic ko proxy karta hai — yani wo server tak sirf wahi packets pahuchne deta hai jo ek valid TCP connection ka part hote hain. Invalid ya random ACK packets ko ye filter kar deta hai, jisse origin server tak wo junk traffic nahi pahuchta.

Cloudflare ka global network itna bada hai ki ye bade se bada DDoS attack bhi absorb kar sakta hai. Is wajah se ACK floods Cloudflare par koi khaas asar nahi daalte.

Cloudflare Magic Transit aur Cloudflare Spectrum bhi aise DDoS attacks se protection dete hain. Magic Transit Layer 3 traffic ko proxy karta hai, Spectrum Layer 4 traffic ko — jabki CDN Layer 7 ko. In dono tools ke paas intelligent detection systems hain jo malicious traffic patterns ko pakad ke block kar dete hain.

What is a DNS Flood?

DNS Flood kya hota hai?
Domain Name System (DNS) servers ko Internet ke “phonebooks” kaha jaata hai; ye wahi raasta hote hain jinke through internet devices kisi specific web server ko locate karke uska content access karte hain. DNS flood ek type ka DDoS (Distributed Denial-of-Service) attack hota hai jisme attacker kisi particular domain ke DNS servers ko itni zyada requests bhejta hai ki wo DNS resolution process ko disrupt kar de.
Agar user ko “phonebook” nahi milega, toh wo us resource ka address nahi dhoondh paayega aur call (yaani request) nahi kar paayega. Jab DNS resolution disrupt ho jaata hai, toh website, API, ya web application legitimate traffic ka response nahi de paate.

DNS flood attacks ko normal heavy traffic se alag pehchanna mushkil hota hai, kyunki ye traffic multiple alag-alag jagahon se aata hai aur real domain records ko query karta hai – bilkul genuine traffic jaisa lagta hai.

DNS Flood attack kaise kaam karta hai?

DNS ka kaam hota hai easy-to-remember names (jaise example.com) ko unke IP addresses (jaise 192.168.0.1) se match karna. Agar DNS infrastructure pe successful attack ho jaaye, toh poora internet experience users ke liye bekaar ho sakta hai.

DNS flood attacks relatively naye type ke DNS-based attacks hain, jo high bandwidth waale Internet of Things (IoT) botnets (jaise Mirai) ke rise ke baad common ho gaye hain. In attacks me IP cameras, DVR boxes aur doosre IoT devices ka use hota hai taaki directly kisi bade DNS provider ke servers ko overload kiya ja sake.

Bohot saari requests ek saath DNS provider ke servers pe bheji jaati hain, jiski wajah se genuine users access nahi kar paate.

DNS flood attacks alag hote hain DNS amplification attacks se.
DNS amplification me attacker unsecured DNS servers ka use karta hai taaki attack ka origin chhupa sake aur uska effect badh sake. Chhoti bandwidth waale devices chhoti-chhoti requests bhejte hain lekin bade responses expect karte hain. Jab request bhejte hain, toh return address forged hota hai – victim ka hota hai – jisse bada nuksan kam resources se hi ho jaata hai.

Kya aap attack me hain?
Cyber attacks se bachav ke liye full protection zaroori hai.
Ek expert se baat karein.

DNS Flood attack ko kaise roka ja sakta hai?
DNS floods traditional amplification attacks se different hote hain. High bandwidth botnets ke easy access hone ki wajah se attackers ab bade organizations ko target kar sakte hain. Jab tak compromised IoT devices ko update ya replace nahi kiya jaata, tab tak iska sirf ek effective solution hai:
Ek bohot bada aur highly distributed DNS system use karna jo real-time me attack traffic ko monitor, absorb aur block kar sake.

Cloudflare ka DDoS protection DNS flood attacks ke against kaise kaam karta hai, ye jaanein.

What is an HTTP flood DDoS attack?

HTTP Flood DDoS Attack kya hota hai?
HTTP flood ek type ka volumetric DDoS (Distributed Denial-of-Service) attack hota hai jisme attacker kisi target server ko itni zyada HTTP requests bhejta hai ki wo server overload ho jaata hai. Jab server zyada load handle nahi kar pata, toh actual users ki requests ka response dena band ho jaata hai — isse denial-of-service ho jaata hai.

HTTP Flood kaise kaam karta hai?
HTTP flood attacks Layer 7 DDoS attacks hote hain. Layer 7 OSI model ka application layer hota hai, jisme HTTP jaise internet protocols aate hain. HTTP ka use webpages load karne aur forms submit karne ke liye hota hai.

Layer 7 attacks ko mitigate karna mushkil hota hai, kyunki ye traffic normal lagta hai — isme malicious aur genuine requests me farq karna tough hota hai.

Attackers apna impact badhane ke liye botnets ka use karte hain. Botnets aise network hote hain jo malware-infected devices se bane hote hain. Inka use karke attackers zyada volume me traffic bhej pate hain.

HTTP Flood ke do main types hote hain:

1. HTTP GET attack:
  Isme attackers bohot saari devices ko coordinate karke ek server pe continuously images, files, ya assets ke requests bhejte hain. Jab server itni requests handle nahi kar pata, toh actual users ke liye service unavailable ho jaati hai.
2. HTTP POST attack:
  Jab koi form website pe submit hota hai, toh server us data ko handle karta hai aur database me save karta hai. Ye process zyada resource-heavy hoti hai — isse use karke attacker bohot saare POST requests bhejta hai taaki server ka capacity overload ho jaaye. Server jab process nahi kar pata, toh denial-of-service ho jaata hai.

HTTP Flood se kaise bacha jaa sakta hai?
Layer 7 attacks ka mitigation thoda complex hota hai. Kuch common methods:

- Challenge-Response Mechanism: Jaise CAPTCHA ya JavaScript-based challenge dete hain taaki check kiya jaa sake ki request bot se aa rahi hai ya insaan se.
- Web Application Firewall (WAF): Ye firewall web traffic ko analyze karta hai aur malicious requests ko block karta hai.
- IP Reputation Database: Malicious IPs ko track karke unko block karne me madad karta hai.
- Live Traffic Analysis: Engineers real-time me traffic analyze karke suspicious patterns detect karte hain aur action lete hain.

Cloudflare jaise platforms ke paas millions of websites ka data hota hai, jisse wo quickly new WAF rules apply karke HTTP flood attacks ko rok sakte hain.

What is a Ping (ICMP) flood attack?

Ping (ICMP) Flood Attack kya hota hai?
Ping flood ek denial-of-service (DoS) attack hota hai jisme attacker target device ko ICMP echo-request packets bhej kar overwhelm karne ki koshish karta hai, jisse target device normal traffic ke liye inaccessible ho jata hai. Agar yeh attack multiple devices se hota hai, toh ise DDoS ya distributed denial-of-service attack kehte hain.

Ping Flood Attack kaise kaam karta hai?
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) ek internet layer protocol hai jo network devices ke beech communication ke liye use hota hai. Traceroute aur ping jaise network diagnostic tools ICMP ka use karte hain. ICMP echo-request aur echo-reply messages commonly use hote hain kisi network device ko ping karne ke liye, taaki uski connectivity aur health check ki ja sake.

Har ICMP request ko process karne ke liye server ko kuch resources lagte hain, aur request bhejne aur reply dene me bandwidth bhi use hoti hai. Ping Flood attack ka goal hota hai ki target device ko itne zyada requests bheje jayein ki woh respond na kar sake, ya network bandwidth hi overload ho jaye.

Agar multiple devices ek hi target ko ICMP requests bhejte hain (botnet ka use karke), toh attack traffic kaafi zyada ho jata hai, aur normal network activity disrupt ho sakti hai. Pehle attackers fake IP addresses use karte the taaki unka device na pakda ja sake, lekin aaj kal ke botnet attacks me attackers real IPs se hi attack karte hain kyunki unke paas already kaafi zyada bots hote hain.

Ping (ICMP) Flood DDoS Attack ke 2 repeating steps hote hain:

1. Attacker ICMP echo request packets multiple devices se target server ko bhejta hai.
2. Targeted server har requesting device ke IP address pe ICMP echo reply bhejta hai.

Ping Flood ka damage kis cheez pe depend karta hai?
Yeh is baat pe depend karta hai ki kitne zyada requests target server ko mil rahe hain. NTP amplification ya DNS amplification jaise reflection-based attacks ke opposite, Ping Flood me traffic symmetrical hota hai – jitna traffic bheja jata hai, wahi target ko directly milta hai.

Ping Flood Attack ko kaise roka ja sakta hai?
Is attack ko rokne ka easiest tareeka hai ICMP functionality ko disable karna – yaani ki target device (router, computer, etc.) ke admin interface se ICMP requests ka send aur receive dono band kar dena. Lekin isse ping aur traceroute jaise network tools kaam nahi karenge, kyunki ICMP completely disable ho jayega.

Cloudflare Ping Flood attacks ko kaise mitigate karta hai?
Cloudflare target server aur attacker ke beech me khud ko place karta hai. Jab ICMP echo request aata hai, toh Cloudflare apne edge network pe uska response handle karta hai. Isse target server ke resources (bandwidth aur processing power) bach jaate hain, aur attack Cloudflare ke Anycast network pe divert ho jata hai.

What is the QUIC protocol?

QUIC Protocol kya hai?
QUIC ek naya Internet protocol hai jo data ko faster, efficient aur secure tareeke se bhejne ke liye design kiya gaya hai. Yeh ek transport protocol hai, matlab yeh decide karta hai ki data Internet par kaise travel karega. Jaise dusre protocols, QUIC bhi galat use ho sakta hai — jaise ki DDoS attacks ke liye.

Technically, QUIC ek transport layer protocol hai jo TCP (data transfer ke liye) aur TLS (encryption ke liye) dono ko replace kar sakta hai. July 2019 tak, lagbhag 3% websites QUIC use kar rahi thi. Cloudflare jaise supporters chahte hain ki iska adoption badhta rahe. Latest HTTP version, HTTP/3, bhi QUIC par hi run karta hai.

QUIC Protocol kaise kaam karta hai?
QUIC ka goal hai ki Internet connections ko faster aur secure banaya jaaye. Isme UDP protocol use hota hai, jo TCP se fast hota hai, lekin thoda unreliable. QUIC ek time par multiple data streams bhejta hai, jisse agar koi data lose ho jaye to bhi connection break na ho — isko multiplexing kehte hain.

QUIC me har cheez automatically encrypt hoti hai. Normally, encryption ke liye HTTPS use hota hai, lekin QUIC me TLS encryption process communication ke andar hi built-in hoti hai.
Isse data transfer aur bhi fast ho jata hai, kyunki traditional HTTPS me pehle TCP handshake aur fir TLS handshake hoti hai — do alag steps. QUIC me dono handshakes ek sath ho jaate hain — client-server connection open karte hain aur TLS encryption key bhi generate ho jaati hai — ek hi step me.

QUIC Flood kya hota hai?
QUIC flood ek type ka DDoS attack hai jisme attacker target server ko QUIC packets se overwhelm karta hai. Server ko har QUIC packet process karna padta hai, jisse real users ke liye service slow ho jaati hai ya crash bhi ho sakta hai.

QUIC floods ko rokna mushkil hota hai kyunki:

1. QUIC UDP use karta hai, jo packets ke sath zyada information nahi bhejta — is wajah se packets ko block karna mushkil hota hai.
2. QUIC ka data encrypted hota hai, isliye server ye nahi samajh pata ki data legit hai ya nahi.

QUIC Reflection Attack kya hota hai?
Reflection DDoS attack me attacker victim ka IP spoof karta hai aur servers ko request bhejta hai. Servers response victim ko bhejte hain, attacker ko nahi — jisse victim overload ho jata hai.

QUIC me reflection attack tab hota hai jab attacker victim ke IP se client hello message bhejta hai. Server fir us IP par bada reply bhejta hai — jisme TLS certificate bhi hota hai.
Yani attacker chhoti si request bhej kar server se bada response victim tak bhejwa sakta hai.

Isko mitigate karne ke liye, QUIC protocol designers ne client hello message ka minimum size fix kiya hai, taaki attacker ko zyada bandwidth lage. Phir bhi, server ka response bada hota hai, isliye attack ka risk rehta hai.

Kya QUIC flood aur UDP flood same hain?
QUIC UDP par based hai, lekin QUIC flood aur UDP flood same nahi hote.

UDP flood me attacker fake UDP packets ek unused port pe bhejta hai. Server ko har packet ka ICMP error message reply karna padta hai, jo processing power use karta hai. QUIC me aisa possible hai, lekin attacker ke liye sirf UDP se attack karna cheaper padta hai, kyunki QUIC packets banana thoda complex hota hai.

Kya Cloudflare QUIC flood attacks ko block karta hai?
Haan, Cloudflare QUIC floods aur kai tarah ke DDoS attacks ko mitigate karta hai. Cloudflare ka global network (330 cities, 125+ countries) itna bada hai ki ye even largest DDoS attacks ko bhi absorb aur neutralize kar sakta hai.

What is a SYN flood attack?

SYN flood attack kya hota hai?
SYN flood (half-open attack) ek tarah ka denial-of-service (DDoS) attack hota hai jiska main aim hota hai server ko genuine traffic ke liye unavailable banana. Isme attacker baar-baar initial connection request (SYN packets) bhejta hai, jisse server ke saare available ports busy ho jaate hain. Is wajah se server ya to bahut slow respond karta hai ya phir bilkul respond nahi karta.

SYN flood attack kaise kaam karta hai?
SYN flood attack TCP connection ke handshake process ka misuse karta hai. Normally, TCP connection banane ke liye teen steps hote hain:

1. Client ek SYN packet server ko bhejta hai connection start karne ke liye.
2. Server SYN/ACK packet se reply karta hai, jisse wo client ke request ko acknowledge karta hai.
3. Client ek ACK packet bhejta hai server ke reply ko confirm karne ke liye.

Ye teen steps complete hone ke baad hi TCP connection open hota hai, aur data ka exchange possible hota hai.

Lekin SYN flood attack me, attacker sirf pehla step karta hai – wo continuously SYN packets bhejta rehta hai, lekin last wale ACK packet ko kabhi nahi bhejta. Is wajah se server har SYN packet ke liye resources reserve karta rehta hai, aur jab zyada requests aa jaati hain, to server overload ho jaata hai aur genuine users ke requests process nahi kar pata.

Denial-of-service create karne ke liye, attacker TCP handshake ke process ka misuse karta hai. Jab server initial SYN packet receive karta hai, to wo SYN/ACK packet bhej kar final ACK ka wait karta hai. Ab ye attack kaise kaam karta hai, ye dekhiye:

1. Attacker target server ko bahut saare SYN packets bhejta hai, aksar spoofed (fake) IP addresses ke saath.
2. Server har SYN packet ka reply SYN/ACK se karta hai aur har connection ke liye ek port temporarily open rakhta hai, ACK ka wait karte hue.
3. Lekin wo final ACK kabhi nahi aata. Attacker continuously naye SYN packets bhejta rehta hai.
4. Server ke jitne bhi available ports hote hain, wo sab temporary open ho jaate hain, aur har port kuch time tak busy bana rehta hai.
5. Jab saare ports use ho jaate hain, server naye genuine connections ko accept nahi kar pata, aur system slow ya completely unresponsive ho jaata hai.

Is tarah se SYN flood attack server ko crash kiya bina hi use unavailable bana deta hai.

Networking mein, jab server ek connection open chhod deta hai lekin saamne wali machine response nahi karti, to is connection ko half-open kaha jaata hai. Is type ke DDoS attack mein, targeted server baar-baar open connections chhodta rehta hai aur har connection ke timeout hone ka wait karta hai jab tak ports dobara available na ho jaayein. Isi wajah se is attack ko “half-open attack” bhi kaha jaata hai.

SYN flood 3 tariko se ho sakta hai:

1. Direct attack:

Jab SYN flood mein IP address spoof nahi kiya jaata, to usse direct attack kehte hain. Ismein attacker apna real IP address use karta hai, jisse uska track hona aasaan ho jaata hai. Attack karne ke liye, attacker apni machine ko server ke SYN-ACK packets ka response dene se rokta hai. Ye kaam firewall rules ke through kiya ja sakta hai jo outgoing SYN packets ke alawa sabko block kar dete hain ya phir incoming SYN-ACK packets ko filter kar dete hain. Ye method zyada use nahi hota, kyunki iska countermeasure simple hai – attacker ke IP ko block kar do. Agar attacker botnet (jaise Mirai botnet) use kar raha hai, to IP mask karna uske liye zaroori nahi hota.

2. Spoofed Attack:

Malicious user har SYN packet ke IP address ko spoof kar sakta hai jisse uski identity trace karna mushkil ho jaaye. Spoofed packets traceable ho sakte hain, lekin ye kaafi mushkil process hai – especially jab tak ISPs help na karein.

3. Distributed Attack (DDoS):

Agar attacker botnet (jaise Mirai) ka use karta hai, to source ka track karna aur bhi mushkil ho jaata hai. Har bot bhi spoofed IPs se packets bhej sakta hai, jisse detection aur bhi tough ho jaata hai. Mirai jaise botnet ke case mein attacker infected devices ke IP ko mask karne ki chinta nahi karta.

SYN flood attack kyun effective hai?

SYN flood attack se attacker kam traffic me bhi denial-of-service create kar sakta hai, dusre DDoS attacks ke mukable. Volumetric attacks network ko saturate karte hain, lekin SYN attacks sirf target system ke backlog size se zyada hone chahiye. Agar attacker ko backlog size aur connection timeout ka duration pata chal jaaye, to wo minimum traffic me system ko disable kar sakta hai.

SYN flood attack se kaise bacha jaaye (mitigation)?

1. Backlog queue badhaana:

Har system me ek limit hoti hai ki kitne half-open connections allow honge. Is limit ko badhaane se zyada SYN packets handle kiye ja sakte hain. Lekin memory resources bhi zyada chahiye honge. Agar memory kam pad gayi, to performance degrade ho sakti hai – lekin ye denial-of-service se phir bhi behtar hai.

2. Oldest Half-Open connection ko recycle karna:

Backlog full hone par, sabse purane half-open connection ko overwrite karna. Ye tabhi effective hai jab genuine connections attacker ke packets se pehle complete ho jaayein. High-volume attacks me ye approach fail ho sakti hai.

3. SYN cookies:

Isme server ek cookie create karta hai. Server SYN-ACK bhejta hai lekin backlog me entry nahi rakhta – yaani memory free rehti hai. Agar client ACK bhejta hai (yaani connection genuine hai), to server backlog entry reconstruct kar leta hai. Thoda connection data lose hota hai, lekin attack ke comparison me ye approach better hai.

Cloudflare kaise SYN flood attacks se bachata hai?

Cloudflare is attack ko rokta hai by acting as a middle layer. Jab initial SYN request aati hai, Cloudflare handshake process ko apne cloud par handle karta hai aur server tak tab tak request nahi jaane deta jab tak handshake complete nahi ho jaata. Isse bogus SYN packets ka load Cloudflare par shift ho jaata hai, na ki target server par. Ye kaam Cloudflare ke Anycast network ke zariye hota hai.

What is a UDP flood attack?

What is a UDP flood attack?
UDP flood ek tareeka ka denial-of-service attack hai jisme bahut saare User Datagram Protocol (UDP) packets ek targeted server ko bheje jaate hain taaki us device ki processing aur response karne ki capacity ko overwhelm kar diya jaaye. Jo firewall us targeted server ko protect karta hai, woh bhi UDP flooding ki wajah se exhaust ho sakta hai, jisse legitimate traffic ko service dena mushkil ho jaata hai.

How does a UDP flood attack work?
UDP flood attack basically us process ka misuse karta hai jo server UDP packet receive karne par karta hai, especially jab packet server ke kisi specific port par aata hai. Normal condition mein, jab server ko UDP packet kisi port par milta hai, toh server do step follow karta hai:

1. Server pehle check karta hai ki koi program us port par requests sun raha hai ya nahi.
2. Agar koi program us port par packets receive nahi kar raha, toh server ek ICMP (ping) packet bhejta hai sender ko batane ke liye ki destination unreachable hai.

UDP flood ko aap hotel receptionist ki example se samajh sakte ho jo calls route karta hai. Receptionist ko call aati hai jisme caller kisi specific room se baat karna chahta hai. Receptionist list check karta hai ki guest available hai ya nahi. Agar guest calls nahi leta, toh receptionist ko wapas caller ko batana padta hai ki guest call nahi le raha. Agar ek dum se sab phone lines par aise hi calls aane lage, toh receptionist overwhelmed ho jayega.

Jab bhi server ko naya UDP packet milta hai, toh woh us request ko process karne ke liye kuch steps follow karta hai, jisme server ke resources use hote hain. Jab UDP packets bheje jaate hain, toh har packet mein source device ka IP address hota hai. Is type ke DDoS attack mein, attacker usually apna asli IP address use nahi karta, balki UDP packets ke source IP address ko spoof karta hai. Isse attacker ki asli location chhupi rehti hai aur targeted server se jo response packets aate hain, wo attacker ko overwhelm kar sakte hain.

Jab targeted server har received UDP packet ko check karne aur respond karne ke liye resources use karta hai, toh agar bahut zyada UDP packets flood ki tarah aajayein, toh server ke resources jaldi khatam ho jaate hain, jiski wajah se normal traffic ko denial-of-service ho jata hai.

How is a UDP flood attack mitigated?
Zyada tar operating systems ICMP packets ke response rate ko limit karte hain taaki DDoS attacks jo ICMP response pe depend karte hain, unko disrupt kiya ja sake. Lekin is mitigation ka ek nuksaan yeh hai ki attack ke dauraan legitimate packets bhi filter ho sakte hain. Agar UDP flood itna bada ho ki targeted server ke firewall ke state table ko saturate kar de, toh server level pe ki gayi mitigation kaam nahi karegi, kyunki bottleneck targeted device se pehle hi aa jaata hai.

How does Cloudflare mitigate UDP Flood attacks?
UDP attack traffic ko target tak pahunchne se pehle hi rokne ke liye, Cloudflare network edge pe DNS se related nahi hone wala saara UDP traffic drop kar deta hai. Cloudflare ka Anycast network web traffic ko kai Data Centers mein distribute karta hai, isliye humare paas UDP flood attacks ko handle karne ke liye kaafi capacity hoti hai, chahe attack kitna bhi bada ho.

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